What function does sheeting serve during excavation?

Sheeting serves a critical purpose during excavation by preventing soil from collapsing. Excavation sites can experience significant lateral earth pressures, especially in unstable or loose soil types. The installation of sheeting provides support to the surrounding soil, creating a retaining system that helps maintain the excavated space’s integrity. This is particularly important in urban areas or where the excavation may be close to structures, roads, or other critical infrastructure. By using sheeting, the risk of soil slumping or cave-ins, which could pose serious safety hazards to workers and nearby property, is significantly reduced.

The other functions suggested by the other options do not align with the primary role of sheeting during excavation. Increasing structural load capacity relates more to the design and build of structures rather than excavation support. Providing a concrete alternative does not fit since sheeting typically consists of materials like steel or plywood, which are used to support the walls of the excavation, not replace concrete. The idea of creating a vacuum effect is unrelated to the primary purpose and mechanics behind the use of sheeting, which is focused on maintaining soil stability rather than manipulating air pressure.