What technique is used to create a true grade on a concrete surface?

The technique used to create a true grade on a concrete surface is leveling. Leveling involves adjusting the surface to achieve the desired elevation and slope, ensuring that it is flat and even throughout. This process is critical in construction to facilitate proper drainage, enhance structural integrity, and provide a suitable base for subsequent layers or finishes.

In the context of concrete work, leveling typically occurs after the concrete has been poured but before it has fully set. By using tools such as screeds or leveling rods, workers can remove excess concrete and fill in low spots, thereby achieving a uniformly graded surface.

Screeding is a related process that helps establish a level surface but is primarily about smoothing and leveling the top layer of freshly poured concrete. Finishing involves the final touches to the concrete surface, such as troweling or applying textures, which are done after leveling. Pumping refers to the method of transporting concrete to the site but does not relate to grading a surface.