Which project management technique utilizes probability concepts to address uncertainty in activity duration?

The correct choice focuses on PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique), which is specifically designed to handle uncertainties inherent in project scheduling. PERT incorporates probabilistic time estimates for activities, typically by using a three-point estimation technique that takes into account the optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely durations for each task. This allows project managers to analyze the impact of uncertainty on the project schedule and to identify potential risks.

By utilizing probability concepts, PERT enables the calculation of expected completion times and facilitates the assessment of the likelihood of meeting project deadlines. This approach contrasts with techniques like CPM (Critical Path Method), which typically assumes fixed durations for all activities and does not address variability in those durations. Other methods, such as Gantt charts and critical path analysis, primarily focus on visualization and sequencing of tasks rather than incorporating probabilistic assessments of activity durations. Hence, PERT is the most suitable technique for projects requiring an understanding of uncertainty in scheduling.